Researchers have genetically modified mice to become intellectually superior and less likely fearful and anxious, according to a new study.
The study was conducted by scientists from the University of Leeds in England together with Mount Sinai Hospital in Toronto. The findings were published in the journal Neuropsychopharmacology.
In the research, scientists altered one gene in the DNA of mice, blocking a specific enzyme known as phosphodiesterase 4B or PDE4B.
The enzyme plays a role in the distribution of hormones, such as adrenalin, in the body, but was also found to play a role in psychological illnesses like schizophrenia as well.
The study highlights the molecular foundations of cognitive functions and could be used as basis for treatment research intended for cognitive function decline in the elderly population.
For the study, researchers inhibit the activity of PDE4B, which is mainly found in the organs of many animals.
The researchers then conducted tests on the PDE4B-inhibited mice and found that they had more enhanced cognitive functions.
The mice were able to learn more quickly, recall events, and even work around complex exercises way better compared to ordinary mice.
The study, however, was only limited to the mice and no test has been conducted in humans, although the enzyme is present.
More interestingly, researchers also found that with diminished enzyme activity, there was also reduced memory of fear among the test subjects; and researchers saw this as a point of interest for treatment research targeted toward pathological fears.
According to study lead author Dr. Steve Clapcote of University of Leeds, people with cognitive function decline are usually poorly treated. With the new findings, Clapcote expressed his excitement as the enzyme can pave way for new treatments.
According to reports, scientists are now working on formulating preparations that specifically target PDE4B inhibition.
Researchers will conduct animal testing to determine if it can be used for human clinical trials.
